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Linh Dinh
HaloedOf the three poems below, guess which one was composed by a student: Tears Poorly Matched Poorly matched the world and she kept her solid for a while. The day came when she planted her feet has draped this crapshoot? But it was winter and then summer the poem from the real dream that stood underneath her–what she drank Tomorrow the directory says to take up more rooms, more loves, no matter how unorganic–for Saturn’s last fires have kept her from the infirmary and her bad seed has turned good. Saluting now the uncool doves of St. Francis–of her childhood of the sanctimony of another family. She holds all meetings in secrecy–this for the greatness of
Comes to gather you from clocks and says be moon, a sadness glassed in autumn, depending on the sea. bear the deep compass, unending corrosion, and drifting sunlight, what is left for us to live. Below water endure, says become what you can in the summer fluency of waves. and comes to prize you in the hour of your late undertaking, a circadian call that pulls all desolation toward clearing, sails of shadow change in every way. As in the halls of night across the tides, your arms, gathered and withstood on darkness, turn, return. We are drifting out of phase, within a single note that moves in pain, pattern, scarcity rope, tack, slowing muscle of the heart, depending on the tides, space, who, clock, stopclock, falling lace, beautiful and slow gracious fields, the gardens, as in a true response of fish and floating grass, your hopes, receding Before I give you the answer, let’s eavesdrop on a Ted Berrigan lecture, "Incredible Masterpieces": It seems to me that anybody that writes a few hundred poems ought to be able to write a very good one. Probably should be able to write twenty very good ones. Because the first, if you start writing, the first couple of years you write quite a number of pretty good poems; it's just after that it gets a little hard. And then one wants to see what you do in the next three or four years, and if you're still around after that six or seven years, you're probably going to be around. You're probably going to be a poet. And everybody is rooting for you to do that, but if you don't, it's all right. What the hell. We get ours, you get yours. I mean, it's not quite that brutal, but in a way, it has to be. It's a full-time thing, and particularly the business of becoming a poet. That’s an interesting phrase, “the business of becoming a poet.” I’ve encountered a surprising number of excellent poems written by students or occasional poets. What they lack in experience and polish, they more than make up for with a giddy excitement that comes from discovering a method, feeling or insight for the first time. Animated by an emotional urgency, their poems are not merely willed into being, an inevitable practice among those committed to the exasperating business of poetry. We know what Michaux means when he declares, "To will a poem into being is to kill it,” but that statement is also misleading and a little harmful, especially to younger poets, since many worthwhile poems would go unwritten had inspiration been an absolute prerequisite. If even amateurs can pen a few decent poems, why are there so many lame ones? Because, frankly, too many poems are willed into being by poets who are emotionally numb or beaten down by the ugly business of living. One has to be oddly fierce and a little naive to write inspired poetry into middle and old age. Octavio Paz dismissed Arthur Rimbaud as "heat, not light," but I prefer Rimbaud's "immature" genius over Paz's seasoned stuff. In "A Season in Hell," Rimbaud examines his loss of innocence, as translated here by Louise Varese: Once, if I remember well, my life was a feast where all hearts opened and all wines flowed.The genius of that first line is the qualifying "if I remember well." Here, a 19-year-old is speaking about his innocence as something he could barely remember, since it already seems so distant and unreal to him. With maturity, with the awareness of one's mortality and ongoing decay, one's appetite is compromised if not snuffed out altogether. It's one reason why aspiring poets give up, why there aren't many more poets out there. In The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge, Rilke points out: And I sit, and have a poet. What a destiny. There are perhaps three hundred people in the room now, reading; but it is impossible that each single one of them should have a poet. (Heaven knows what they have.) There aren't three hundred poets.We begin this post with a poem by Youna Kwak, a just-graduated student from the University of Montana, where I taught this past semester. The other pieces are by two of Youna's professors, Prageeta Sharma and Joanna Klink, respectively. At her best, Youna's work is already exciting. If she can add the depths of maturity to her youthful intensity and volatility, she'll be a special poet indeed. Remember her name. Here's another by Youna Kwak: Personal
CommentsI could spot the poem right away by the quality you describe as "oddly fierce and a little naive." That is a great description of "beginner's mind"! It's the Buddhist principle is the key to approaching almost anything -- especially writing. It's what Natalie Goldberg talks about in her book, "Writing Down the Bones." She opens the book with these lines: ""When I teach a beginning class, it is good. I have to come back to beginner's mind, the first way I thought and felt about writing. In a sense, that beginner's mind is what we come back to every time we sit down and write." Best of luck to Ms. Kwak! What wonderful work. I hope to read more of her writing in the future. As an addendum, I'd like to post a comment by Joseph Hutchison, discussing "diminishing returns" in poetry: I've been contemplating the implications of Debora MacKenzie's article, in a reductive way, I suppose. It led me to wonder if the Law of Diminishing Returns doesn't apply to the arts. My bailiwick is poetry, so my thoughts have turned in that direction. What I wonder is whether the increasing complexity (not to say diversity) of modern poetry doesn't also produce diminishing returns. Think of The Cantos. Marvelously complex, but Pound's key ideas are not only simple but range—for the most part—from crackpot silly to nastily destructive. For a more recent example, take a gander at Jorie Graham's fold-out poems in the latest issue of Poetry. The dazzling spatial array of her lines conceal what seem to be a fairly pedestrian set of ideas and perceptions—at least to my jaundiced eye. What do readers do when they invest vast quantities of joules in such writing and reap such a meager return? Well, they stop reading, mostly. The ones who continue reading go to grad school, where they learn to explain all the complexities of such poetry in ways that are themselves so complex that the majority of readers—even well educated readers—find these explanations willfully unintelligible, or condescending, or both. I don't mean to tar all complex poetry with this broad brush. The complexities of Yeats are rewarding, as are the complexities of Sylvia Plath, Adrienne Rich, Andrea Zanzotto, and Shuntaro Tanikawa, to name just a few. But it seems to me that writing programs are disgorging many more poets addicted to complexity for its own sake. These poets display complexity the way peacocks display their colorful, shuddering tail feathers—hoping to get laid by the MacArthur Foundation or the National Book Critics Circle or the tenure committee at their alma mater. Talk about diminishing returns! If you think the NBCC is going to laud a poetry of ever-exfoliating graduate-program complexity you haven't been watching the NBCC very closely! But yes, writing programs, like all graduate programs in anything with supposedly preprofessional aspects, encourage overproduction. (Get that first book out! Now! Never mind trying to write only the poems you must write, never mind trying to write poems as unlike one another as you can make them, never mind "a line will take us hours maybe": finish that book, so that you can apply for jobs!) On the other hand, maybe a system that encourages overproduction for the sake of academic jobs is more likely to result in more really good poems than a system that encourages non-production by requiring poets to earn money in ways unrelated to the writing of poems. I believe it was Auden who thought that the ideal jobs for poets were jobs that paid them for their skills with language, but not for the writing, nor for the criticism of poems. I think Auden came up with two such jobs, one of which was being a professional translator (though the people who actually make their living as translators seem to spend an awful lot of time on instruction manuals, as Ashbery noticed a while ago). I forget what the other "ideal job" was. Really there is no ideal job, just better or worse ones. I'll look for more Youna Kwak. All three of those poems have aspects like (none strike me as unbreakable masterpieces) but what's most exciting about Kwak, in your presentation, is that she doesn't sound like her teachers. Pound's "key ideas in the Cantos" are different depending upon which Cantos you read. It's no coincidence that the ones we reread-- the Pisan Cantos-- have, as their key "idea," something like "we are sad when we feel that our life's work has failed, so that we are alone at the end of a majestic, world-historical effort, and have nothing to do but sing of our failure." If I am making this part of Pound sound like late Stevens, or like Tennyson, so be it. Montana's a quite exciting place these days! |
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS
Linh DinhDaisy Fried Ada Limón D.A. Powell Reginald Shepherd STAFF WRITERS
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